What should you assume about the state of a firearm until you check it?

The correct assumption about the state of a firearm until it has been checked is that it is loaded. This principle emphasizes the importance of treating every firearm as if it is loaded, regardless of prior knowledge or assumptions about its condition. This approach is a fundamental safety rule in firearm handling that helps prevent accidental discharges and injuries.

By assuming the firearm is loaded, you are more likely to exercise the necessary caution and safety protocols. This includes keeping the muzzle pointed in a safe direction and keeping your finger off the trigger until you are ready to shoot. Properly checking the gun and following safety practices ensures that mishaps are minimized, contributing to a safer environment for everyone involved.

Other options incorrectly convey a level of safety or certainty about the firearm that can lead to complacency, which can be dangerous. Always approach firearms with the mindset that they may be loaded until proven otherwise.